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Parke Godwin (February 28, 1816 – January 7, 1904) was an American journalist associated with New York. ==Biography== Godwin was born on February 28, 1816, in Paterson, New Jersey.〔Baker, Carlos. "Parke Godwin: Pathfinder in Politics and Journalism", ''(Lives of Eighteen from Princeton )''. Willard Thorp, editor. Princeton University Press, 1946: 213. ISBN 0-8369-0941-0〕 His father was an officer in the War of 1812, and his grandfather a soldier of the American Revolution. He graduated from Princeton University in 1834, studied law, and was admitted to the bar of Kentucky, but did not practice. He married the eldest daughter of William Cullen Bryant, and moved to New York City in 1837.〔Guarneri, Carl J. ''The Utopian Alternative: Fourierism in Nineteenth Century America''. New York: Cornell University Press, 1991: 40. ISBN 0-8014-8197-X〕 He became interested in journalism and by the 1830s was writing for the ''Evening Post'' and ''The United States Magazine and Democratic Review'' under John L. O'Sullivan.〔 The reforms he advocated in the ''Democratic Review'' were subsequently introduced into the constitution and code of New York. Except for one year, he was connected with the ''Evening Post'' from 1837 to 1853. In 1842 or 1843 he ran a weekly called ''Pathfinder'', but it only lasted three months.〔 He was deputy collector in the New York Custom House under President James K. Polk, an early member of the Republican Party, and a consistent advocate of free trade.〔 He supported the Republicans with speeches and writing.〔 He became a supporter of Fourierism and wrote a book which became an authority on the movement.〔Baker, Carlos. "Parke Godwin: Pathfinder in Politics and Journalism", ''(Lives of Eighteen from Princeton )''. Willard Thorp, editor. Princeton University Press, 1946: 218. ISBN 0-8369-0941-0〕 However, in 1845, he was critical of the work of Albert Brisbane and his view of Associationism, though he still contributed to the new incarnation of Brisbane's journal ''The Phalanx'' printed at Brook Farm in Massachusetts.〔Delano, Sterling F. ''Brook Farm: The Dark Side of Utopia''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004: 219. ISBN 0-674-01160-0〕 Godwin saw these sorts of communities as embracing the democratic ideals and equal rights.〔Guarneri, Carl J. ''The Utopian Alternative: Fourierism in Nineteenth Century America''. New York: Cornell University Press, 1991: 42. ISBN 0-8014-8197-X〕 Further, he believed there was a connection between democracy and religion; as he said "Christianity and Democracy are one."〔Widmer, Edward L. ''Young America: The Flowering of Democracy in New York City''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999: 40. ISBN 0-19-514062-1〕 In May 1846, Godwin was elected Foreign Corresponding Secretary of the New England Fourier Society.〔Delano, Sterling F. ''Brook Farm: The Dark Side of Utopia''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004: 270–271. ISBN 0-674-01160-0〕 In 1850, Godwin and his family allowed Catharine Forrest to stay with them during the public scandal that erupted surrounding her divorce from actor Edwin Forrest.〔Baker, Thomas N. Nathaniel Parker Willis and the Trials of Literary Fame. New York, Oxford University Press, 2001: 117. ISBN 0-19-512073-6〕 Also in the 1850s, Godwin became an ardent abolitionist and felt that slavery diluted the American concept. In 1855, he asked: "What is America, and who are Americans? ...The real American gives his mind and heart to the grand constituent ideas of the republic... no matter whether his corporeal chemistry was first ignited in Kamschatka or the moon".〔Widmer, Edward L. ''Young America: The Flowering of Democracy in New York City''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999: 214–215. ISBN 0-19-514062-1〕 Godwin was against slavery, but ridiculed the New England reform movements for not attempting to impact the rest of the country. He said, "If the Deity should consult New England about making a new world, they would advise that it should be made the size of Massachusetts, have no city but Boston and insist in making an occasional donation to a charitable institution and uttering shallow anti-slavery sentiments."〔Widmer, Edward L. ''Young America: The Flowering of Democracy in New York City''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999: 62. ISBN 0-19-514062-1〕 Godwin became an associate editor of ''Putnam's Magazine'' with George William Curtis under managing editor Charles Frederick Briggs; the three also collaborated on a gift book called ''The Homes of American Authors'' (1852).〔Baker, Carlos. "Parke Godwin: Pathfinder in Politics and Journalism", ''(Lives of Eighteen from Princeton )''. Willard Thorp, editor. Princeton University Press, 1946: 220. ISBN 0-8369-0941-0〕 Godwin expressed his antislavery sentiments in ''Putnam's'' and criticized then-president Franklin Pierce; backlash from Democrats hurt the circulation of the magazine, especially after November 1854, when Godwin published his essay "American Despotisms".〔Miller, Perry. ''The Raven and the Whale: Poe, Melville, and the New York Literary Scene''. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997 (first printed 1956): 319. ISBN 0-8018-5750-3〕 In 1857, he and fellow editor Curtis supported Frederick Law Olmsted as designer of Central Park.〔Klaus, Melvin. ''Frederick Law Olmsted: The Passion of a Public Artist''. New York: New York University Press, 186. ISBN 978-0-8147-4618-9〕 In 1865, Godwin returned to the ''Evening Post''.〔 He became sole editor of ''Putnam's'' from January 1868 to November 1870. Later, he edited the posthumous works of William Cullen Bryant as ''Poetical Works'' (1883) and ''Complete Prose Writings'' (1884) as well as ''A Biography of William Cullen Bryant, with Extracts from his private Correspondence'' (1883). Godwin died of an illness at 5:30 a.m. on January 7, 1904, at his New York home, surrounded by several of his daughters.〔Baker, Carlos. "Parke Godwin: Pathfinder in Politics and Journalism", ''(Lives of Eighteen from Princeton )''. Willard Thorp, editor. Princeton University Press, 1946: 230. ISBN 0-8369-0941-0〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parke Godwin (journalist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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